This afternoon at our house was a lazy, snowy day. I decided to challenge my granddaughter, who is in 2nd Grade, to a 3-Dimensional Sort Challenge. 
This a great activity to do with a small group of students during Guided Math.  
 Using a set of 32 MiniRelational GeoSolids
and a set of cards labeled: cone, pyramid, prism, and  cylinder.
Earlier in the weekend, we built prisms and pyramids out of toothpicks and playdough.
We talked about what made 3-D shapes 
either a prism or pyramid.  
So when I gave her the bag of 32 shapes and asked her to categorize them, I did not review any concepts... 
she was just given the task. 
The first time around she made 2 common errors:
1) she categorized the hexagonal prisms as a cylinders.
2) she categorized the triangular prisms as a pyramids.
Why?  Probably because she was never exposed to these shapes before and did not deeply understand the "the characteristics" of the different types of 3-D shapes.  As we reviewed each category 
of 3- D shapes, we again talked about what she looked for when she was looking at each shape.
Cone- "Only 1 face at the bottom, and a vertex at the top of the shape."
Cylinder- "2 faces with curved sides. No vertex at all."
Prism - Faces- there can be a different number of them, and vertices."
Pyramid - " One vertex at the top, straight sides, and a bottom."
After our discussion I place all the shapes back into a plastic bag and asked her if she wanted to try again.  WITH THE INCENTIVE OF EARNING A DOLLAR IF SHE COULD CATEGORIZE THEM ALL CORRECTLY! 
She is now $1.00 richer!
Smiles, 
Deborah


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